Training Professionals Have a Leading Role in Innovation and Change.

The executives is a crucial and expansive territory of business reality today. Powerful administration practices can prompt hierarchical achievement. For associations to best make this progress, they should be open to development and change. In view of these as destinations, it becomes clear that preparation experts can assume a main job. Change (in a business setting) can fundamentally mean the administration to ‘plan, start, acknowledge, control, and stabilize’ change on both, corporate and individual level (Recklies 2011), while development is characterized by Sylver (2011) as a mean the presentation of something new that improves something than it was previously. Preparing experts are those individuals who assist organizations with utilizing the most out of their workforce, regardless of whether they have to get preparing or not (Armson 2008). The motivation behind this paper is to effectively clarify the main job that preparation experts have in advancement and change. These days, the job of a preparation proficient is to effectively thought of a program that will improve the exhibition of a specific work bunch with the accepted procedures to lead towards advancement and change (Miller 2010). Having the correct aptitudes to expertly create somebody is fundamental of the preparation experts. As referenced via Training and Development (2008), proficient advancement is basically a sorted out ‘maintenance, improvement and widening of information and skills’ just as the self-improvement of one’s characteristics to the level that is important to keep up significance and viability. By and large, it is principal that preparation experts help the organization’s laborers gain proficiency with all that they need so as to realize how to complete their activity (Poell, Van Der Krogt, Vermulst, Harris and Simons, 2011). Having the correct methodology is a principal step for preparing experts to effectively convey their preparation and improvement programs. Firms, these days, put forth impressive attempt to effectively prevail on preparing their workers. For example, one of the initial steps of preparing that Mc Donalds US organization brings to its new representatives is to go to a class called ‘Hamburger U’ †which is currently known as ‘ â€Å"Bachelor of Hamburgerology† ’ †so they can completely comprehend the firm’s culture and produce an increasingly proficient work (Nation’s Restaurant News 2005). It is likewise significant that preparation experts approach cautiously to their bosses, as they may require some preparation or direction too. Besides, an intriguing methodology that can be utilized to prepare individuals is to just not train individuals. It implies that having a preparation program may not in every case fundamentally be required measure for execution improvement or change. There are much a bigger number of elements than simply the absence of ability that can impact a specialist. Posing inquiries, as Nick Miller (2010) stated, about ‘motivation, reason, ultimate objective, driving pointers, and execution obstacles’ are an extremely significant advance to completely know whether preparing is really required or not. This is likewise missed most time because of the absence of connection between the bosses and the general laborers. It is fundamental that associations form advancement into their preparation and improvement programs. ANZ Bank centers its preparation in four central matters: ‘Learning for initiative and talent’ where they assist pioneers with building up their administration abilities; ‘Core banking skills’ where the bank intends to prepare its workers to build up the important specialized aptitudes to have the option to fulfill their clients; ‘Organizational culture and values’ where it expects to improve social communication and a more profound information on societies lastly ‘Learning infrastructure’ where the attention is on guaranteeing that everybody gets the preparation that they need (ANZ 2011). The organization itself centers their four focuses all so they can draw out the best of its workers towards its clients. Crown is another gigantic organization who has its own preparation program that is additionally focused on their workers. Truth be told, they have their own school called ‘Crown College’ (HC Online 2011) where representatives experience preparing to develop themselves. Crown College has an association with Swinburne University for its broad proficient administration preparing programs. As Crown’s HR official head supervisor Peter Coyne (HC Online 2011) referenced: ‘ â€Å"Employees may begin down the Certificate pathway and afterward step into a Diploma of Business, which can be changed over into a degree at Swinburne sooner or later in the future† ’, this shows crown centers its principle preparing office for a more youthful age gathering and that the firm, as referenced by Peter Coyne (HC Online 2011), trains more youthful individuals who got work in crown that had ‘limited achievement in auxiliary school’ (HC Online 2011) to change their mentalities from having an occupation in this epartment of neighborliness to transform it into a real existence time profession. ANZ and Crown are two organizations that have a place with various businesses. ANZ is a bank and gets its salary for the most part from their customers that keep their cash there, while Crown is a Hotel/Casino where it wins its pay from a wide region of friendlin ess and from betting itself. Additionally, the two firms draw out the vast majority of its workers for one objective: consumer loyalty. The two firms may have a place with various businesses, however both need clients so as to endure. ANZ needs their cash in the bank and Crown needs them for the club and inn too. The two of them offer types of assistance to their clients and the level of how fulfilled the clients are is an extremely significant point for the two firms. Then again, ANZ centers its preparation around individuals with decent base instruction that additionally have high long periods of involvement with the field (ANZ 2011) and Crown points its preparation towards the more youthful age bunch who doesn’t have a lot of understanding just as studies. Taking everything into account, different sources accept that the job of Training Professionals is basic for business achievement, in light of the fact that these individuals can give an upper hand. Approaches taken via Training Professionals will in general differ, however their basic goal is to lead an association into the level where the business turns out to be progressively productive with the goal that it meets the pioneers objectives and desires. As I would like to think, preparing experts may be under appraised. Very little individuals would even consider it a possibility for their professions, yet this job is so significant for an association as a result of its boundless capability of improving any at all branch of the organization. References Mill operator, N 2010, ‘Leading work environment advancement and change: daring new role’, T+D, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 54-58 Poell, R F, Van der Krogt, F J, Vermulst, An A, Harns, R, Simons, M 2006, ‘Roles of casual working environment mentors in various authoritative settings: experimental proof from Australian companies’, Human Resource Development Quarterly, vol 17, no. 2, pp. 175-198. Recovered 14 August 2011 HC Online 2011, ‘Taking the crown: HR at crown casino’ recovered 18 September 2011, <http://www. hcamag. om/news/profiles/taking-the-crown-hr-at-crown-gambling club/47393> ANZ 2011, ‘Learning and Development’ recovered 17 September 2011, <http://www. anz. com/about-us/corporate-duty/workers/creating vocations/learning-development> Sylver, B 2011, ‘What does â€Å"Innovation† truly mean? ’, recovered 17 September 2011, <http://core77. com/reactor/01. 06_sylver. asp> Recklies, O 2011, Ã¢â‚¬Ë œManaging Change †Definition and Phases in Change Processes’ recovered 16 September 2011, <http://www. themanager. organization/system/change_phases. tm> Armson, G. 2008, ‘How inventive is your way of life? : Coaching for imagination in the workplace’, Training and Development, p. 20-23, recovered on the 14 September 2011, Business Source Complete, A: 41563804 Training and Development 2008, ‘The L&D proficient Up-Skilling, creating and evolving’, p. 23-24, recovered 15 September 2011 , Business Source Complete, A: 43387257 Nation’s Restaurant News 2005, ‘Hamburger University: Ensuring the future’, p. 104-107, recovered 16 September 2011, Business Source Complete, A: 16764918

Creating Variation within Traditional Classical Music Forms free essay sample

Making Variation inside Traditional Classical Music Forms While a significant part of the Classical time music is generalized for sounding the equivalent, there is a lot of variety inside the style and music of that period. In spite of the fact that there are various structures and varieties of those structures, deviations in that regard are not as effortlessly perceived to the easygoing audience. It takes some consideration and center to see a proper variety. What the easygoing audience will perceive are deviations which catch eye of the individuals who may have not been giving any consideration previously, or which oppose the desires for the individuals who have been paying attention.The best methods are deviations in cadence, dynamic, and congruity. Mood for the most part makes a desire in the ear of the audience, in light of show. For instance, If you hear a piece going to a rhythm point and the harmonies come In short cuts on the oft)eats for a considerably number of bars, you would anticipate that It should arrive on the downbeat of the ensuing bar, regardless of whether It be after the fourth bar, eighth bar, and so forth. We will compose a custom article test on Making Variation inside Traditional Classical Music Forms or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At the end of the day, you expect a goals of the musical tension.When it goes uncertain, for this situation if it somehow managed to complete on another strange, that would stand out, on the grounds that it challenges the desire built up by show. In Beethovens Violin Concerto in D Major, on page 21 of the score, the violin begins playing a constant triplet line, joined by nothing shorter than a quarter-note length. Now, there Is nothing Interfering with the now Lilting triplet feel. Be that as it may, after around 11 bars of this, the backup includes straight eighth notes n top of the triplets, which hang out as a glaring difference to the violin rhythm.Probably the most evident of strategies to resist desire is dynamic differentiation. Primes Surprise Symphony utilizes this procedure. The second development of the work begins with a calm explanation of a basic tune, which rehashes yet with an unexpected, pretentious, fortissimo harmony toward the end. It at that point proceeds at Plano with a subsequent song, not in any way referencing what Just happened. An easygoing audience would make some hard memories not seeing the abrupt differentiation In powerful alee.Heydays use is doubly degenerate, on the grounds that even with an unexpected unique change that way, it is in any event expected that the new unique would be proceeded, however Haydn goes directly back to piano. Concordance might be the least utilized perspective from which to go amiss. Notwithstanding, Heydays Symphony No. 94 again gives a fine case of It. In the second-to-last variety, which Is scored vigorously and sounds extremely pompous, its last bar goes from a F significant harmony (with a D in the tune) to a fermata on a F# completely lessened seventh chord.This is altogether sudden, particularly in light of the fact that a minor departure from the tune has been going on, and the flute seems as though it would have gone from a D to a C, arrival on the tonic of C major (the tonic key), yet it rather goes up to a Be, making a striking disharmony comparative with the rema inder of the piece. The built up structures, the best strategy is to resist desire. This is cultivated most observably by deviations in mood, dynamic, and congruity, as appeared through Heydays Symphony No. 94 and Beethovens Violin Concerto in D Major.

Blog Archive GMAT Impact Stanford GSB Will Not Evaluate Integrated Reasoning This Year

Blog Archive GMAT Impact Stanford GSB Will Not Evaluate Integrated Reasoning This Year When it comes to the GMAT, raw intellectual horsepower helps, but it is not everything. In this weekly blog series,  Manhattan GMAT’s  Stacey Koprince  teaches you how to perform at your best on test day by using some common sense. We have been hearing from admissions officers for quite some time now that they will not be using Integrated Reasoning (IR) scores much, if at all, this first yearâ€"but these comments have always been off the record or made during private conversations. Well, Stanford has now gone on the record on its own blog. Allison Davis, associate director of MBA admissions at Stanford’s Graduate School of Business (GSB), affirms that, during this admission’s season, the school “will focus on the verbal, quantitative, AWA [analytical writing assignment], and total scores.” She goes on to state explicitly that the school will use this first year to study the IR scores so that it can “determine how to evaluate them in our process for next year.” Nor does the GSB care whether you have taken the old or new version of the GMATâ€"the old version is still perfectly valid and will not in any way detract from your chances for admission. Further, Ms. Davis says that the GSB does not “play favorites” with respect to the GMAT and the GRE; the school accepts both exams equally, apparently. (I have heard admissions directors from other schools say that they discount the GRE quant scores a bit because they feel GMAT quant is harder.) In a nutshell: Stanford has confirmed publicly that it will not be evaluating IR scores as part of this year’s admission process. I would expect other schools to follow suit. Note also that Stanford has said that it will be using the data from this first year to figure out how to bring IR into the admissions process starting next yearâ€"so if you are taking the GMAT now but might want to use the score next year (or later), then you do have to think a bit more carefully about IR. My guess is that there will continue to be a bit of leeway next year as well, but the IR score will be a factor. Longer term, assuming that GMAC has done its job (and I see no reason to think that it will have failed), the IR score will eventually become an important part of the admissions process, possibly on par with quant and verbal scores. Share ThisTweet GMAT Impact

Political Parties Politics, And Religion - 1480 Words

I started my search based off my long held interest in politics, and the issues that affect the way we govern. So I boiled that down to the entities that decide when and what we govern. Political Parties. After I had my subject I looked at the three things I believe political parties play a role in. The three areas of interest I chose were our political parties role in our history, economics, and religion, and what factors in those areas determine how political parties’ function. The first area I looked at was political parties role in our history. There were a multitude of sources that came up, but only a few that dealt with American political parties or was broad enough to use for this topic. For example, there was one article that dealt interpreted the political parties role in U.S. tariff policy in the 1820s (Daniel Purt). I felt that that subject was too narrow for the area of interest I was looking to explore, so with that I decided to move on to another article. The first article I really looked in depth at was an article from Richard L. McCormick, titled â€Å"Politics in the United States: Reinterpreting their Natural History† And this article goes over, broadly, the different realignments and political transitions that have occurred in our country. In the article it also talks about new ideas political scientists now focus on. Being as previously they only focused on voting patterns (McCormick), the scope of inquiry has now increased to a mul titude of topics. WhileShow MoreRelatedReligion And Its Impact On Society1163 Words   |  5 PagesReligion has created major turmoil in America. Every night on the news, specialists elaborate more and more about the candidates and their ideas. Many of the most controversial issues are refugees, terrorism, and abortion; all of which all have aspects dealing with religion. 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Does the French Verb Penser Need the Subjunctive

Penser may require the subjunctive, depending on whether it is used affirmatively, negatively, or interrogatively: Je pense que cest vrai. Je ne pense pas que ce soit vrai. Penses-tu que ce soit vrai ? The Subjunctivator! Quiz: Subjunctive or indicative?

Moral Implication of Frankenstein - 1674 Words

The message, merits, and moral implications of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein have been long debated and discussed. Many recurring themes which are apt to surface in these conversations are those such as the woes of artificial creation and the â€Å"man is not God† argument. These themes have been so thoroughly explored and exploited that this essay could not possibly generate and original thought within the realms covered by these topics. In order to formulate something remotely fresh and at least relatively interesting, this essay seeks to shift the focus to the less explored dilemmas which Shelley may have purposely or subconsciously woven into the classic novel. The very fact that Mary Shelley is a woman casts the already remarkable tale†¦show more content†¦Having shown that Shelley intended for Victor to play the role of ‘mother’ in her analogy, focus will now shift to the ultimate point of the novel: The nurturing provided by a mother (Vict or), is the most necessary and vital experience of a child’s life and directly affects the person he becomes. From the very beginning, Victor shirks the responsibility of nurture and literally runs from it. As the creature awakes he exclaims: â€Å"breathless horror and disgust filled my heart. Unable to endure the aspect of the being I had created; I rushed out of the room† (Shelley 58). The Monster then immediately assumes the role of infant in the relationship as Victor says, â€Å"His eyes were fixed on me. His jaws opened, and he muttered some inarticulate sounds, while a grin wrinkled his cheeks† (Shelley 59). 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Johannes Vermeer 17th

Johannes Vermeer 17th-century Dutch painter Essay First there was the government shutdown, then came the blizzard. For 20 days this winter, the capriciousness of politics and nature closed down much of Washington, including its renowned museums. When the doors opened again, art lovers defied Arctic cold and lined up as early as 5 a.m. in front of the National Gallery of Art in competition for the 2,500 highly coveted free tickets given away to the public daily. More than 300,000 people came to pay their tribute to what Earl Powell, the gallerys director, calls a once-in-a-lifetime-event.  Johannes  Vermeer  is the first exhibition ever devoted to the 17th century Dutch master. It was organized by the National Gallery of Art and the Royal Cabinet of Paintings Mauritshuis, the Hague, where it will be displayed at its only European venue March 1 through June 2. After working on their ambitious goal for more than seven years, Arthur K. Wheelock Jr. and Frederik Duparc, the exhibitions curators, were able to assemble 21 of  Vermeers 35 existing works, including loans from Berlin, Paris, London, Amsterdam, and New York. Even Queen Elizabeth II contributed to this exhibit with The Music Lesson. The unique retrospective brings together works from all stages of  Vermeers career. Like most of his contemporaries, he started out with grand biblical and mythological scenes so-called history paintings then creating some cityscapes, among them the famous View of Delft. This great panorama of the artists hometown is one of eight paintings that were restored for the exhibition, and was seen for the first time outside of Europe. Vermeers masterpieces, however, are the intimate genre scenes. His portraits of women, lost in thought or absorbed in household activities, writing a letter, or playing an instrument speak of tranquillity and purity.  Vermeer  depicts the commonplace but manages to give those simple scenes, as the curators say, a sense of gravity and timelessness.  Vermeer  makes everyday life look precious and extraordinary. It seems as if he had captured these images in a moment when the world held its breath. Art critics also praise  Vermeers superb technique. His paintings are rich in light and shadow, and he mixed his own colors, sometimes even adding ingredients like grains of sand to achieve certain effects. Also fascinated with perspective,  Vermeer  experimented with the vanishing point and the camera obscura. Although very little is known about  Vermeer, his works provide an insight into the Dutch painter. Born in Delft in 1632 as the son of an innkeeper and art dealer, he lived there his entire life. He was a member of the local painters guild and recognized as an important artist who lacked financial success. To support his wife and 11 children, he was forced to sell other artists works. Nevertheless, he was broke when he died at the age of 43. Though  Vermeers talent was never misjudged in the way of his fellow countryman Van Gogh, it was not until the 19th century, when French critic Thore-Burger praised his work, that he was rediscovered. Only then was  Vermeer, next to Rembrandt, recognized as one of the masters of 17th century Dutch art.

The Titans and its Portrayal of Social Cognition an Example of the Topic Literature Essays by

Remember the Titans and its Portrayal of Social Cognition A story about a high school football teams journey not only through an undefeated season but also through the breaking down of barriers between black and white people, Walt Disney Pictures Remember the Titans is a perfect picture of how people view themselves and those around them through what we now can call schemas and stereotypes. Remember the Titans " produced by Jerry Bruckheimer, directed by Boaz Yakin, and released in 2000 " tells the story of the 1971 T.C. Williams High School (located in Alexandria, Virginia) football team, the Titans. The movie starts with a white football coach Bill Yoast leading an all-white football team. Because of a court-ordered integration, Yoast later learns of losing his head coach position to Herman Boone, an African-American. Need essay sample on "Remember the Titans and its Portrayal of Social Cognition" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed College Students Frequently Tell EssayLab support: I'm not in the mood to write my paper. Because I don't have the time Essay writer professionals recommend: Essaylab.Com Can Provide You With The Winning Academic Essay At first refusing Boones offer to have him as assistant head coach, Yoast later accepts upon seeing how most of his players are willing to give up their spot in the football team if he is not around. The movie unfolds with depictions of how Boone and Yoast worked hard towards uniting the white and black members of their football team. Boone and Yoast may have succeeded uniting its team, but the town was still pretty much divided. Pictures of how the townspeople react to the combination of white and black players in one team were shown all throughout the film. But with the teams winning streak, which leaves them undefeated for the whole season, the whole town came to realize that this is not about being black or white " they learn from the team that it is indeed time to accept the changes and embrace people from different races. The Titans became, for them, a symbol of unity and was instrumental in bringing the people of the town closer to each other, regardless of race. As have been mentioned the story of the Titans illustrates the way people formulate their concept of themselves and other people through schemas and stereotypes. Outlined under social cognition, the study of how people think and feel about their social world and how they interact and influence one another (Meyers, 2003), schemas and stereotypes demonstrate how situations around us bear more influence on our behavior than we are wont to believe. Because of the vast information that we are being exposed to everyday, we are in need of a system by which we collect and process data. As such, we are all built in with schema and schematic processing. Schemas are our organized beliefs and knowledge about people, objects, events, and situations (Meyers, 2003) and schematic processing is the process by which we match a schema with the data that we are handed out. This process happens quickly and instantaneously. Meyers (2003) even writes that most of the time, we are unaware that this processing of information is taking place. And with our schemas, we are able to generalize about the characteristics of a certain group of people. This general person-schema is what we call stereotypes. But schemas can also tell us something about a particular person, including ourselves. (Meyers, 2003) But schemas and schematic processing are not very accurate in that they put biases in our perceptions and memories. These biases have already been proven by a number of researches and studies done. One result of such studies is the vividness effect, which proved that the more vivid the information, the more likely we are to remember that information. The primacy effect, on the other hand, points that we are more inclined to retaining the first information that came to us. (Meyers, 2003)A couple of experiments have also proven that schemas persist even in the face of contradicting evidence. This, dubbed as the perseverance effect, applies both to the way we see other people and the way we see ourselves. All the abovementioned theories have been pictured in the Walt Disney pictures about the T.C. Williams Titans. In fact, a couple of scenes portray people " both Caucasians and African-Americans " applying schemas and stereotypes in sizing up the people around them. The first glimpse we see of this is when Boone was moving into a white community: an unseen female neighbor, presumably a Caucasian, asks her husband, Are they the movers? showing disbelief that an African-American family can actually afford to be living in a place such as theirs. When the husband realizes that Boones family is actually settling in the house in front of them, he says bitterly, It only takes one, the next time, were gonna be overrun by them. Such statement reflects animosity towards the black race and is indicative of how the white race thinks of the African-Americans " that they just run amok and is without control. Other similar scenes strengthen the films portrayal of schemas and stereotypes. The emphasis on these social psychological phenomena will be more apparent when the film takes us to the start of the integration of the black and white players of the T.C. Williams High School football team. Gerry Bertier leads the discrimination when he approached Boone prior to going to Gettysburg College for training. He says, We dont need your people in the team. This attitude is solidified when Boone asked his players to get to know a teammate of a different race until they already knew each and every team member. Here are lines from the white player Ray Budds, displaying the way he viewed the African-American player Petey Jones based on his pre-conceived schemas: Ray Budds (white): Whats your daddys name? I mean, you do have a daddy, right? . And whats he do? Wait. He does have a job, right? (Bruckheimer & Boaz, 2000) There was also this one incident that reflected schematic processing in the part of a restaurant owner. When Ronnie Sunshine Bass, a Caucasian hippie from Florida, walked in with Petey Jones in a restaurant after a Titans victory, the restaurant owner said that theyre already full when its apparent that there are still a lot of vacant tables. He shoos the players away with a demeaning, Now you all want something to eat? You can take those boys out back and pick it out from the kitchen. (Bruckheimer & Boaz, 2000) Boone was also open to these discriminations. When a Caucasian coach was asked if he is willing to work with Boone, he answered, Im not gonna do anything to help that monkey. Bad as it sounds, Negroes have been stereotyped as having no regard for their families, lazy, and self-indulgent, which was why Ray Budds asked Petey Jones those questions. And since blacks were also generally taken for animalistic and physically violent, most establishments before have refused them service. These stereotyped descriptions of them have also led whites to brand them as monkeys. But the discrimination does not only lie with the white " the blacks also tend to discriminate against the white people. When African-American students first stepped into T.C. Williams High School, we see the way the look at the white girls " sort of questioning, degrading, as if asking why such creatures can actually co-exist with them. And during training, when Blue Stanton was listening to Alan Bosleys music, he cries out, Does the term "cruel and unusual punishment" mean anything to you? " this shows how much blacks like sticking to their own kind and hate having to be forced to listen to white peoples sounds. Herman Boones daughter, Nicky Boone, also gives us a glimpse into the Negros views of the white. Seeing Sheryl Yoast, Bill Yoasts daughter, jump up and down during a football match, Carol asks, Mama, are all white girls crazy? (Bruckheimer white girls are crazy. Other scenes also illustrate how schemas can actually lead us to form concepts of ourselves. Based on his family history and his grades, Louis Lastik felt that he will never be able to go to college and will forever spend his life being a bum. This is apparent in the following lines confided to Jerry Rev Harris: Nobody from my family ever went to no college. Im white trash. I aint gonna get no C+ grades. Im just down home, no good, never-going-to-no-college white trash. (Bruckheimer & Boaz, 2000) Even with Coach Boones and Revs insistence that they are going to help him out and that he has what it takes to pull those grades up and enter college, Louis insisted that he cannot do it " a perfect example of the perseverance effect. Another scene that painted the self-schema theory is the scene where Julius Campbell visits Gerry Bertier at his house. When a police officer stopped in front of him, we see his fear and apprehension, proving that he believes the police officer is going to arrest him for something he has not done. It turned out that his fear was in vain for the officer just wanted to congratulate him for the last games job well done. Yet as much as Remember the Titans is a good illustration of the way peoples schemas let them judge others, it also disproves in part the existence of the perseverance effect. It is true that it took the players and the whole town to accept the integration of blacks and whites, they were, in time, able to do so. This led the people to admit that their stereotypes are inaccurate and accept that Caucasians and African-Americans can actually co-exist peacefully. They have come to learn that stereotypes can actually be misleading and that if they only try to get to know the other race, theyll discover that they have been wrong about their pre-conceptions. This is apparent in Coach Yoasts statement during their championship game: I hope you boys have learned as much from me this year as I've learned from you. You've taught this city how to trust the soul of a man rather than the look of him. And I guess it's about time I joined the club. (Bruckheimer & Boaz, 2000) It is true that schemas and stereotypes do affect the way we interact with other people. And although it is also true that these schemas and stereotypes persist at times, the perseverance effect can be broken down. As Remember the Titans have shown, schemas and stereotypes can cease to exist if a strong group cares to demonstrate that there is nothing to fear in breaking down life-long conceptions. REFERENCES Bruckheimer, Jerry. (Producer), & Yaki, Boaz. (Director). (2000). Remember the Titans [Motion picture]. United States: Walt Disney Pictures. Meyers, David G. (2003). Psychology (7th ed). USA: Worth Publishers.

The best pictures of swimmers Essays

The best pictures of swimmers Essays The best pictures of swimmers Essay The best pictures of swimmers Essay I proceeded to select something in the same range of interest, but not entailing as much to handle. Still hoping to create a project in the fashion industry, I decided on merely just creating a portfolio of designs I wish to create. After my sketches I would finalize them with a detailed drawing complete with colors. I would put the designs in a giant book resembling a scrapbook. Along with that I would find fabrics to go along with each article of clothing. Instead of creating the clothes, I would be gathering samples of materials. This seemed like fun to me, and I was excited to begin. I started with a few designs and focusing on perfection. After those were finished, it was harder than I thought to find fabrics that would suit each creation and accessories. That was just a small problem though. My interest was starting to deteriorate. The Personal Project is a year long affair. Even though this seemed fickle, I needed a topic I could commit to. This seemed almost too easy and just seemed all too familiar to me. Based on the advice of former sophomores, they told me that it was of great importance to pick an idea that would lead into new excitements and keep me hooked on the project. This was something that I have been doing for a hobby since middle school. The Personal Project is supposed to broaden horizons and I was looking forward to venturing into the unknown. I felt that my portfolio was limiting the possibilities and I was not taking advantage of such a golden opportunity to try something foreign to me. Therefore I decided to go into a new direction. Discouraged by the lack of fulfillment that fashion brought me and the failures of my former ideas, I desired complete opposition. I ruled out anything even relating to fashion and instead focused on another interest: writing and drawing. I wanted to incorporate writing and drawing into a childrens book. Childrens books are rich in colors and vibrant pictures which I have a knack for. They also require climatic and exaggerated storylines which I enjoy writing. Also, they need a creative layout and presentation. Many of these elements would help me not only with this book I was planning to create, but I could possibly acquire new skills for my career as an editor. As I began working, I felt this starting to go downhill too. It was boring and seemed so unoriginal. I needed to add sparkle with a new concept. What a better way to do that by adding one of my stronger classes of Spanish into the mix? By making the book bilingual, I would be strengthening my existing knowledge of the Spanish language and I would be learning new aspects. This was surely something I could stay dedicated to. I worked hard to come up with a storyboard and especially on pictures to accompany the plot. In fact, I was quite in to the drawing part. Still, I could not envision this standing out amongst other projects. I feed off attention and I wanted mine to be amazing, something that others will envy and more importantly something I could be proud of and remember forever. This seemed all too similar to other peoples works. In fact, one of my classmates had a striking resemblance to this exact idea. I could not share the spotlight with someone else. If wanted something that defined who I am and to be one of a kind. If this project was being duplicated by another, there is no way that I can rightfully call this my own. It could not mark just my personal development. It was not until winter when I finally came up with the perfect project. Briefly aforementioned is my involvement in swimming. This was one of the first interests to be ruled out because I quickly came to the conclusion that nothing can evolve into a year long study. Many past projects were videos or creating a team. But with swimming a video would be impossible and inappropriate. And developing a team requires much more than just having kids sign up. I would have to be of legal age and go through many six month long application projects. Also, coaching requires immense experience. I could not ethically teach kids proper stroke knowing there are better people suited for the position. I do, however, have quite an amount of knowledge of the sport, for my past coaches and my coach at the present time are all amazing. One of my more recent coaches and the one I have had the longest, has been especially helpful and really transforming me into the athlete I am today and I wish to pass on the expertise that he has bestowed upon me. Initially I completely bypassed any ideas because I was close minded and could not figure out a way to intertwine all of that with tangibility. After the crash of the previous idea though, the ideal project came to mind. As previously stated, I want to be an editor of a magazine. No one said it had to be fashion. There are numerous fashion magazines dominating the periodical industry. Yet I could not help but notice that there are very few swimming magazines. All of which are bimonthly and are brief. I knew exactly what I should do: create a magazine. I would design it for teen swimmers who are dedicated and want to be the best they can be. It would include basics of stroke and technique and tweaks to perfect it. In addition to that I would have proper nutrition for the active teen which is something I could easily attain data upon. Also, I would feature the latest swimming news about innovative products with ads to complement it and famous swimmers along with top times. At first I thought I would be doing this cover to cover. However, I am no expert in all of the areas I wish to include. All of the basis of information would be from the internet and other magazines which do not make it new to avid readers and I would feel like I am not finding out new facts on my own. I feel that a storyboard along with sample pages would carry across the general idea of my magazine. The storyboard would show the general content breaking up the subjects and giving a general feel for the magazine. The sample pages would display the layout and readability of the periodical. Along with that would be articles that I would use in the real thing. I would need to get information to do this and have valid sources from experts and other sources. Some of these sources unfortunately must be the internet and other book and periodicals because I do not have enough experience for me to be the sole informant. I am no Olympian and my swimming itself is no where near perfection. Also, time or location does not allow me to find all the needed experts and interview them, but I do have enough from coaches and personal accounts to have firsthand knowledge. I plan on the nutrition and wellness to be the strongest point of my magazine. I can arrange an appointment with a couple of nutritionists and interview my pediatrician for accurate health and diet specifics. Now that my topic was established, it was time to create a time table and plan of action for this to be followed through. First order of business was coming up with a snazzy name. Even though this was not top priority the name would confirm that this is my Personal Project and just make it seem more real to me. The name is important so I feel like I am fully committed and cannot turn back. I went through a series. I carefully thought of other names of magazines and what they do for them and how they apply to content. For example, Cosmopolitan. It is a womans sort of how-to guide for life. The name describes what the normal lady wants to be with a hip and suggestive name. It means for someone to fit in and be part of society, which, lets face it, everyone wants to be just that. The New Yorker is often associated with the elite of academia and writing. Also a New Yorker is thought to be one of a society of innovation. Therefore that name perfectly suits it. I want mine to be distinct, but still fun and youthful. I need it to hint at the fact its a swimming magazine without being blunt like Teens Swim and Nutrition. Therefore, after much deliberation, I came up with Eat My Wake. Secondly, I must have material to publish. I would start with something small like topics of articles. I knew that I was not going to publish an entire issue. So I needed to carefully choose what I was going to write sample articles on. These would be pretty general to ensure maximum understanding of the magazines purpose. I decided that a guide to each stroke with an introduction, key movements, and tweaks to perfection would be good to cover the stroke aspect of the topics. For nutrition, I would describe ideal foods and diets for better performance along with suggested calorie count and necessary nutrients. Finally, I would have recent swimming news and momentous meet updates (this would be the last thing to write about so I can include the most recent information at the time the Personal Project is presented). In the back of the magazine would be top times for all age groups and world records so swimmers can compare themselves to the leaders of the country. Then I needed to think of what I wanted to use that would illustrate my articles. The best pictures of swimmers are those nearest to perfection. These are our Olympian athletes and role models that we aspire to be. I wish I had a team of photographers to go and get my own original pictures of them, but the closest I will have is the internet and other magazines and posters. So I scanned these looking for action shots portraying what I focus on in a particular article. Pictures rich in movement are motivating and easy to admire. After finding pictures I would move on the part requiring the most attention: the articles.

Native English Teachers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Native English Teachers - Essay Example It has been seen that there are problems with the varying standards for native speakers teaching in higher education in foreign countries. The main issue is the acceptance of a criteria for standardization and qualifications necessary for teaching English. Further, once the standards are established, there is a need to define a process for assessing the English teachers' performance and qualifications. Also, the English teachers' professional growth and career development are needed to be defined and actively pursued by the school authorities. The current study is therefore aimed at evaluating the standards and qualifications of English Teachers and in assessing what are the current and future gaps in qualifications and requirements. Native English speakers are increasingly facing challenges due to the globalization of the language. English is no longer one language or a language owned by one country alone. With the advent of globalization and media liberalization across the world, English has become a language of communication for people with different mother tongues and dialects (Burns, 2005). English is used not only with different accents but with innumerous nuances and local additions to it. Under the circumstances, there is a need for the Native English teachers to move away from the mindset of being a simply a teacher of the language to become some one who himself learns the concepts and traditions of the local people. Thus, an immediate requirement for the Native English teacher trainings is to include content on local usage of English, as well as on the local cultural and social environment. This requirement can however be met only by the consent of the authorities who develop and sanction training and content material for the English teachers, and this may require time spent on obtaining field data or in evaluating the scope of such an approach. However, there is another approach that the teachers themselves can follow in order to be able to teach better in a global educational environment. This is by adopting a reflective approach to teaching instead of using a

Pan European Fish Auctions Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Pan European Fish Auctions - Case Study Example PEFA's system is an electronically based system that uses client/server architecture, whereby, the suppliers/sellers are connected to the system through the Intranet, while the buyers connect to the system using the internet. Online auctioning has revealed several advantages over the period of time that were just not possible with the conventional on-site auctioning; this is the reason why online auctions are probably the most renowned form of e-commerce in the present day world. On-line auctioning has been a tremendous interactive opportunity for both buyers and sellers, communicating with each other at their respective ease. Some of the advantages to the sellers and the buyers are mentioned as below: 1. One of the major advantages of online auctioning is its allowance to the fishermen, or any seller for that matter, to address a huge and diversified range of customers. Internet reaches the globe, thus anything on the internet is globally accessed, so the reach is beyond the localities. 7. There is lesser cost of selling associated i.e. ... 3. There is immense demand for fishes in the southern part of Europe, while major supply is in the north, so it's an opportunity for the suppliers to meet the customers and directly sell to them. 4. This also gives birth to the phenomenon of disintermediation, whereby, intermediaries are eliminated, again giving birth to increased margins and yet consumer friendly prices. 5. In online bidding, with huge number of buyers, the bidding is quite competitive, with lesser chances of customers forming a cartel or anything of similar sort so the customer is at advantage. 6. The time to the market, often referred to as the Lead time, is reduced, which keeps the fishes fresh in turn increasing its worth and value. 7. There is lesser cost of selling associated i.e. just 0.2%. As mentioned in the case example, the commission of auction house on $93 is $7, which is approximately 7.52%, while in online auction; it would be $0.18 only. 8. There are some small ports that are not able to generate enough value and are often overlooked. Through online auctioning, these ports and their respective sellers also gain access to a competitive market. 9. There is buyer authentication in terms of security deposits. Advantages to Buyers 1. Online auction gives buyers more options to buy from by providing more and more information on what is available at the auction and at which ports. 2. The buyers have access to the bid placement at all times i.e. 24/7, which allows buyers from different time zones to also interact. 3. The lesser transaction cost reduced time for transaction, literally within seconds, attracts buyers more than anything because time is precious. 4. Online Auction

Warehouse Management Essay Example for Free

Warehouse Management Essay Abstract: The study presented here considers arrangement and management policies to improve the order picking procedure in the existing company warehouse. The study was conducted in a timber goods production and trading company. The main objective was to reduce the overall picking time that is quite high due to the lack of proper management and the nature of the stored items. The first stage was to register the situation in the warehouse. The second stage involved the analysis of the obtained data, to identify promising modifications and quantify the benefits of adopting them. The proposed modifications were based on policies and methodologies suggested in the literature. After the company approved and implemented (some of) the proposed modifications, the final stage was to measure and analyse the achieved improvements. Keywords: warehousing, case study, facility layout, order picking time 1. INTRODUCTION Order picking (OP) appears as one of the most significant activities in a warehouse. The picking tasks may contribute by over 65% in the warehouse operating costs. In fact, the retrieval cost exceeds by far the storage cost of any given item (Coyle et al., 1996). The factors affecting the efficiency of OP typically include the product demand, the warehouse layout, the location of the items, the picking method in combination with the routing methods, the experience of the employees, and the extent of automation (Gattorna, 1997). Note that the high cost associated with the automation of the procedure forces the majority of companies to use manual operation, usually at the expense of efficiency and time. The case study is carried out in a timber goods production and trading company. We consider one of the existing warehouse facilities and we attempt to improve its performance. The performance measure is the total picking time, so our objective is to find ways to reduce it as much as it is practically possible and desirable. At the first stage involves the collection of time data, to target the improvement that may be accomplished from the transition from a totally disorderly situation to an organized and controlled warehouse environment. The second stage suggests, implements and studies alternative storage, picking and routing schemes, according to observations made during the first stage. During the third stage, a second series of time measurements is carried out to investigate the achieved benefits. 2. REVIEW OF WAREHOUSE POLICIES RELATED TO ORDER PICKING There is a variety of studies on methods, policies, principles and/or techniques developed to improve the overall OP procedure. The decisions usually concern policies for the picking of the product items, the routing of the pickers in the warehouse, and the storage schemes for the products in the warehouse. The research scope has been to investigate the effect of changes in these policies on the reduction of the overall OP costs and the increase of percent savings. Petersen and Gerald (2003) was the first to attempt a simultaneous evaluation of all the three policies, whereas the usual practice is to consider them separately. 2.1. Picking policies In terms of the picking policies, Ackerman (1990) divided OP into strict, batch and zone picking and proposed policies tailored to each case. In strict picking, a single order is assigned during a picking tour, leading to lower service times and higher customer satisfaction. The policy is ideal when the group of the picking products is quite small and easy to be found. Drawbacks of the policy include an increase in the overall transportation time and a cost penalty. Alternatively, the batch picking policy assigns to a picker more than one orders during a picking tour (Gibson and Sharp, 1992; De Coster et al., 1999; Petersen, 2000). The batch scheme may bring significant reduction on the total picking time, but introduces an additional cost for monitoring and separating the orders at a later stage. Zone picking assigns a picker to a designated picking zone, where the picker is responsible for those products that are in his/her zone of the warehouse. This scheme decreases the chances for destructions and mistakes, but a possible delay in a zone is a threshold for the entire picking procedure for a big order. Frazelle and Apple (1994) further divided zone picking into: sequential zone, batch zone and wave OP. Petersen (2000) suggested that in the sequential zone scheme the order integrity is maintained, in batch zone the orders are batched together and each picker collects the products within a zone, and in wave picking a group of orders is programmed in precise time period. 2.2. Routing policies Routing policies suggest the route for a picking tour and the picking sequence of the items on the pick list. The suggestions are based on decision-making technologies that range from simple heuristics to mathematical optimization procedures. Using mathematical programming tools Ratliff and Rosenthal (1983) found that optimal routing reduced the travel time, but the optimal routes were quite confusing routes and difficult to implement in practice. Hall (1993) and Petersen and Schmenner (1999) examined the efficiency of heuristic routing in minimizing the distance traveled by the picker. In practice, many warehouses use the traversal policy, where the picker must pass through the entire aisle and in order to collect the items. Petersen (1997) and Roodbergen and Koster (2001) examined the possibility of combined traversal and return routes to reduce further the travel distance. 2.3 Storage policies Storage policies remain the least investigated among the three policy categories. Random storage is the most widely used option, and Schwarz et al. (1978) examined its performance. Petersen and Aase (2003) claimed that random storage is by far the simplest option and requires less space compared to the more sophisticated storage policies. The simplest structured-storage schemes apply class-based and/or demandbased policies in the arrangement of the products. In class-based storage the products are classified, and items of each class are placed within the same area of the warehouse. In demand (or volume) –based storage the products are stored according to their demand (or their size) near the Pick-up / Drop-off point (P/D). Jarvis and Mc Dowell (1991) suggested that the optimal storage strategy is to place the items with great demand in the aisle, thus reduce the travel time. Gibson and Sharp (1992) and Gray et al. (1992) stated that locating high volume items near to the P/D point increased the picking efficiency. Petersen and Schmenner (1999) examined the volume-based storage policies and concluded that the method resulted to less time compared to other storage policies. Eynan and Rosenblatt (1994) claimed that the class-based storage required less data processing and yielded similar saving with volume-based storage. Tompkins and Smith (1998) suggested that the overall picking time could be reduced applying the Pareto principle on the storage arrangement. In a warehouse, a relatively small number of products constitutes the largest part of the stock and accounts for the largest part of the dispatches of the warehouse. Consequently, if high demand items are placed in near distance and grouped into classes, then picking time can be significantly reduced. The former is easy to apply by allocating a number of the front area piles to items of high demand or leftovers. In terms of more sophisticated storage options, Ven den Berg (1999) suggested a separation of the warehouse into a forward and a reserve area. The forward area was for order picking, while the reserve area was used for replenishing the forward area. The variety of different methods and techniques makes it difficult to identify the most appropriate policy to increase the overall performance of the picking activity. The decision on the appropriate principles and policies to be applied depends on the characteristics of the particular system, i.e. product and warehouse. By reducing the non-productive elements during OP, Gattorna (1997) presented a set of basic and general productivity improvement principles. 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDIED WAREHOUSE – INITIAL SITUATION The company considered here deals with wood production and trading, and uses 6 warehouses for the finished products. Each warehouse is further divided into individual sections where different categories of products are stored. Panels, i.e. sheets of compressed wood (chipboard) account for 80% of the total product sales of the company. The panels are covered with coloured melamine to imitate the appearance of various types of wood. The panel warehouse has over 6000 codes of stored products, distributed into 4 individual sections. The study considers one of these sections, where the number of codes is around 1000. The most frequent values for the size of the panels is 3.66Ãâ€"1.83m, and the thickness is between 6cm and 25cm. Instead of using shelves, the products are piled one on top of the other using small chocks between the packages. Great attention is paid to the alignment of the items in each pile, to avoid sheet warping. Warping can easily occur due to the small thickness of the packages and the large load they take. The studied warehouse section consists of three parts: two of them have 12 front piles each and the third part has 6 front piles (Figure 1). The piles are 7m high and the products are stored in up to 4 depths of pile levels. The main aisle is used by the clarks to gain access to the front piles. The aisle is wide enough to allow the clarks to remove the items of the front piles and to retrieve items stored in the deeper levels. Each part of the section contains different groups of products. Customer orders are collected by the Sales Department and sent to the Traffic Office on daily basis. The loading plans contain information on the ordered items and their quantities, the customer placing the order, and the requested mode of loading on the lorry. In the course of a day, the Traffic Office prepares over 25 order plans. The plans are usually collected and loaded at the same time. Initially, the warehouse suffered from many problems that mainly affected the search and retrieval times. The picking followed the strict OP policy. Each pair of pickers (an operator and an assistant) undertook a single order-plan at the time. Orders from other plans were collected once the pickers completed their current plan, even if this required revisiting the same areas of the warehouse. There was no automated or optimal routing system used here, and the choice of an efficient route remained on the experience of the picker. The grouping of the products in the section parts was based on the type of their surface (e.g. porous or smooth), regardless of the kind of wood. This was the only storage rule, and then the items were stored randomly in the section parts. Tracing a product was relying on the experience of the warehouse managers and the memory of the pickers. From the point of management the process depended on the experience of the personnel, while even a simple WMS version was certain to improve the situation. Once the location of an item was specified, the retrieval time was affected by the size/weight of the products, and the mode of storage. For instance, if the ordered product was located on the second, third or fourth depth of pile levels, many items had to be removed until the product was finally retrieved. Then, the removed items had to be placed back to their original locations. 4. MEASUREMENTS AND PROPOSED MODIFICATIONS The time measurements were carried out twice. The first measurement (stage 1) presented the initial anarchous situation of the system (see Section 3). The second measurement (stage 3) showed the effect of the improvements suggested by the authors and adopted by the company. The picking procedure is divided into four phases, and the time measurements concern the: 1. the travel time required for the picker to reach the pick point, 2. the search time required for the products to be found, 3. the retrieval time required for the products to be retrieved, and 4. the return time required for the picker to transport the products to the order point. Each time measurement considered 15 order plans selected by the Traffic Office of the company in collaboration with the authors. The selected plans were representative and included a large number of products, so that the analysis of the obtained time schedules yields reasonable and reliable conclusions. The number of orders in the studied plans ranged from 5 to 17 per plan. To allow comparison between the picking times measured for items of different size, the results are presented as the measured time over the volume of the respective item, namely in minutes per cubic meter. 4.1. Stage 1: Results of the 1ST measurement series The results of the 1st measurement series are reported on Table 1. The time required to complete the picking cycle is 5.69 min/m3. In terms of the itemized times for travel, search, retrieval and return, we observe that finding and retrieving the products are the most time-consuming procedures. The search time is around 36% (2.05 min/m3) of the total OP time. The percentage is quite high and reveals the need for an automated system to control and monitor the placement of the stock. Tracing the products becomes an extremely difficult and demanding procedure relaying mainly on the experience of the operator and the assistant. Many years of work in this particular position and the ability to locate the items using visual contact are decisive factors. In many cases, finding an item quickly is merely a matter of coincidence or luck. Our results include cases where locating a stocked product took over 45 minutes of searching and the product eventually failed to reach the customer on time. Table 1: Final results obtained during the 1st and the 2nd measurements Phases Travel time Search time Retrieval time Return time Travel return times Total 1ST measurement before modifications t1 (minutes) % total 0.51 9.0 2.05 36.0 2.50 43.9 0.63 11.1 1.14 5.69 20.0 100. 2ST measurement after modifications t2 (minutes) % total 0.33 11.5 0.37 12.9 1.73 60.5 0.43 15.0 0.76 2.86 26.6 100. Relative time reduction (t1-t2) / t1 % 35.3 82.0 30.8 31.7 33.3 49.7 The retrieval time is around 44% (2.50 min/m3) of the total OP time. Most of this time is spent on removing products in the front levels until the desired item comes to surface. The multiple storage depths combined with the surface type-based storage makes retrieval the most time-consuming procedure. Note that the initial choice of storage policies was based upon empirical criteria since, without a systematic measurement and consideration of the real system. Typically, the travel and return times account for over half of the total OP time (Tompkins, 1998), and most of the research work in increasing the efficiency of OP has focussed on the assumption. This does not apply to the problem considered here, where the retrieval times are considerably higher due to the nature of the products. Supported by the results of Stage 1, the retrieval times can be reduced by rearranging the warehouse and applying storage principles as discussed in Section 2. 4.2. Stage 2: Proposed and implemented mo difications The scope here is to reduce the time spent to reach the picking area and the packaging point. Based on the analysis of the first measurements the following were suggested to the company. Introduction of a Warehouse Management System (WMS): The use of a WMS can facilitate and speed up the tracing of the products. This is expected to reduce significantly the search time that is over a third of the total OP time. Improvement of the picking policies: After introducing a WMS, it is advisable to change the method of OP from strict to zone picking. Application of optimal routing policies: In total, the travel and return time is only around 20% of the total OP time. A techno-economical feasibility study (in the form of an ABC analysis) can quantify how much of this can really be reduced by the choice of routing policies, and provide incentives to carry out the necessary modifications. Changing the location of fast moving products in the warehouse, to reduce the retrieval time for small orders. The number of the wood panels ordered is usually other than those contained in the panel lots. The initial policy was to leave the remaining items in their original locations until they were again in demand. The result was to have many broken lots of the same product stored randomly in various places and levels within the warehouse. The remainders of the product lots can be placed in easily accessible front piles assigned for this purpose. Extending the storage space to reduce the storage depths from four to two, to reduce the retrieval time. This however increases the fraction of the void over the total space in the warehouse, and creates a trade off between the time needed to access the products and the cost of extending the warehouse area. The company adopted some of the above suggestions, namely the installation of a simple WMS and a change in the location of its products, following an ABC analysis. The storage mode changed to demandbased, hence the fast moving products were placed closer to the section entrance to reduce the travel and return times. Also, two piles were allocated on each side section, where the remainders under 20 sheets would be placed (see the broken lot piles in Figure 1). The company did not switch to zone picking, because separating the items of the different order packs needs extra space. Also, the company could not consider our suggestion to reduce the storage depth levels, since this requ ired building an additional warehouse. 4.3. Stage 3: Results of the 2ND measurement series Once our suggestions were implemented, the second measurement series was conducted to evaluate the subsequent reductions on the total OP time. The results and the differences between the first and the second measurements are presented on the Table 1. The total time to complete the picking cycle is now 2.86 min/m3, thus a reduction of nearly 50% was achieved. More specifically, the search time is down by over 80% and is now nearly 13% (0.37 min/m3) of the total. This is because the item locations are registered and given to pickers along with the order plan. Further reductions could be achieved if the employed WMS specified the height along with the depth of the product location. The demand-based storage and the use of the two piles for the broken lots reduced the retrieval time by 30.8%, to 1.73 min/m3. There is also significant reduction (33.3% on average) in the travel time to and from the picking points, due to the new storage policies adopted. Despite the significant overall reduction on the OP time, the problem of item retrieval remains unresolved. In effect, the current retrieval time is 60% of the total OP time. Redu cing the storage depths is not considered presently, as it requires expansion of the warehousing establishments. 5. CONCLUSIONS This work presents a real case study to improve the performance of order picking in an existing company warehouse. The main objective is the reduction of the overall picking time. The work is divided into three stages. The first stage is to register the situation in the warehouse with regard to the required order picking times. The total time is divided into travel, search, retrieval and return time to allow a more detailed analysis of the situation. The analysis of the obtained data identifies promising modifications and quantifies the benefits of adopting them. In effect, the measurements indicated the need for more systematic management, storage and arrangement of the products in the warehouse, and more efficient routing. After the company approved and implemented (some of) the proposed modifications, the time measurements were repeated to see the benefits. Finally, a mean 50% reduction in the total picking times was achieved. There is still space for improvement, even given the reluctance of the company to carry out expensive modifications. Our future research considers the development of a simple warehouse simulation tool to apply different arrangement options and evaluate their performance, using the time data collected in this work. REFERENCES Ackerman, K. B., 1990. â€Å"Practical Handbook of Warehousing†, Van Nostrand Reinhold, NY. Coyle, J.J., Bardi, E.J., Langley, C.J., 1996. â€Å"The Management of Business Logistics†, 6th ed., West Publishing, St Paul, MN. De Koster, M.B.M., Van der Poort, E.S., Wolters, M., 1999. â€Å"Efficient order batching methods in warehouses†, International Journal of Production Research, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 1479-1504. Eynan, A., Rosenblatt, M.J., 1994. â€Å"Establishing zones in single-command class-based rectangular AS/RS†, IIE Transactions, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 38-46. Frazelle, E.H., Apple, J.M., 1994. â€Å"Warehouse Operations†, in J.A. Tompkins and D.A. Harmelink (Eds), The Distribution Management Handbook, McGraw-Hill, NY, pp. 22.1-22.36. Gibson, D.R., Sharp, G.P., 1992. â€Å"Order batching procedures†, European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 58, pp. 57-67. Gray, A.E., Karmarkar, U.S., Seidmann, A., 1992. â€Å"Design and operation of an order-consolidation warehouse: Models and application†, European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 58, pp. 3-13. Hall, R.W., 1993. â€Å"Distance approximations for routing manual pickers in a warehouse†, IIE Transactions, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 76-87. Jarvis, J.M., McDowell, E.D., 1991. â€Å"Optimal product layout in an order picking warehouse†, IIE Transactions, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 93-102. Gattorna, J., 1997. Handbook of Logistics and Distribution management, 4th ed., Gower Publisher Company. Petersen, C.G., 1997. â€Å"An evaluation of order picking routing policies†, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 1096-1111. Petersen, C.G., 2000. â€Å"An evaluation of order picking policies for mail order companies†, Production and Operations Management, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 319-335. Petersen, C.G., Aase, G., 2003. â€Å"A comparison of picking, storage and routing policies in manual order picking†, International Journal of Production Economics, in press. Petersen, C.G., Schmenner, R.W., 1998. â €Å"An evaluation of routing and volume-based storage policies in an order picking operation†, Decision Sciences, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 481-501. Ratliff, H.D., Rosenthal, A.S., 1983. â€Å"Order-picking in a rectangular warehouse: A solvable case of the traveling salesman problem†, Operations Research, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 507-521. Roodbergen, K.J., Koster, R., 2001. â€Å"Routing methods for warehouses with multiple cross aisles†, International Journal of Production Research, vol. 39, no. 9, pp. 1865-1883. Schwarz, L.B., Graves, S.C., Hausman, W.H., 1978. â€Å"Scheduling policies for automatic warehousing systems: simulation results†, AIIE Transactions, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 260-270. Tompkins, J.A., Smith, J.D., 1998. The Warehouse Management Handbook, 2nd ed., Tompkins Press, Raleigh. Van den Berg, J.P., Zijm, W.H.M., 1999. â€Å"Models for warehouse management: Classification and examples†, International Journal of Production Economics, vol. 59, pp. 519-528.

Design and Development of Mobile Multimedia Learning Application Essay

Introduction The development of mobile technology today has its own effects on society globally. There are many benefit that are experienced from the implementation and use of mobile technology. Mobile technology are made to drive global commerce especially in mobile multimedia learning application. This is because, nowadays, mobile technology has upgraded to such an extant that you are able to keep updated for all your lesson requirement everywhere and anytime you want to. In other words, learning can be done anytime and anywhere as long you have a mobile phone or any mobile electronic device and a multimedia learning application. There are many types of application for learning purpose for example Google etc. The Advantages The most advantage of a mobile learning is the ability to access information. User can easily get information from the web site and download it. Education as a process relies on a great deal of coordination of learners and resources. Mobile device can be used by teacher for attendance reporting, general access of school data, reviewing students mark, and managing their schedule more effective. With access to information, special knowledge is put in the hands of students to support their study. Students also can access to lab asignments, formulae and others such a diagram. This can affects students performance in learning environment while facilitating their education. It is important to manage different education. All students catch up information at different speeds in different ways. Educational currently support advance way and special classes to manage these needs. Mobile learning is ideally geared to enable students to learn at their own speed, by uniquely catering to their requirements ... ...kills can be improved through the use of mobile learning. It provides access to learning during previously unproductive times, it allows more flexible and immediate collaborative options, it allows controlled learning in contextual situations, and provides greater options for teacher to observe and assist in independent learning. Works Cited Brown, M.D. ( 2001 ). Technology in the Classrooms: Handhelds in the Classrooms. Education World. http:// www.education-wprld/a-tech/tech083.shtml McCartney, M ( 2004 ). Mobile learning. Aclearn.net: The community learning resource. http://www.aclearn.net/technical/hardware/m-learning/ Shotsberger, P and Vetter, R. ( 2001 ). Teaching and Learning in Wireless Classrooms, 2001 Griffeon J, Seales, W.B and Lumpp, J.E ( 1998 ). Teaching in Realtime Wireless Classroom. University of Kentucky, Kentucky, 1998, pp.1-3

Dale Chihuly Essay

Dale Chihuly has been deemed a visionary for his indelible mark left on the art of glass-blowing over the course of his 40-plus-year career. Born in Tacoma, Washington, in 1941, he is often credited with moving blown glass from craft into the domain of high fine art. Though he refuses to categorize himself as such, he is a visionary of light, form and color. His Seattle based studio known as the â€Å"hot shop,† is where you can view demonstrations of his visions being created. Chihuly’s signature styles consist of baskets, orbs, sea forms, chandeliers and pointy icicle towers that range in size and color. You can view them in the lobby of the Bellagio Hotel in Las Vegas or any one of the two hundred museums where his work resides. In 1976, while visiting in England, Chihuly was driving to visit a friend of his when he was struck by another car and went through the windshield. The glass from the windshield blinded him in his left eye and now, subsequently wears an eye p atch covering that eye. He has lost his depth perception and has no peripheral vision on his left side. Looking at the world through one eye automatically â€Å"flattens the scene,† said Margaret S. Livingstone, an expert on vision and the brain at Harvard Medical School. So how does a 3D glass-blowing sculpture artist continue to create such magnificent works? Instead of holding him back the accident changed the way Chihuly executed his art and shared it with others. After the accident, Chihuly no longer felt safe manipulating molten glass, so a gaffer (as glass-blowers are called), took over the hands-on work and Chihuly expanded his team into something of an army. â€Å"I’ve often wondered what the lack of depth perception, what it does for me, because it’s truly difficult to know where things are in space without two eyes. But somehow I think it’s probably made me see things differently, and probably made my work different than somebody else’s.† (Chihuly) Chihul y’s team consists of about 90 people. Chihuly choreographs all of them, from glass-blowers, facilitators, shippers, packers, architects and engineers. All of his pieces start with his vision. His team is then responsible for accurately translating his vast vision into awe-inspiring, three-dimensional forms fit for museums, galleries, hotels and public gardens all around the world. He approaches each new project essentially the same way. â€Å"I do site visits and get a sense of the space and see how the art work will interact with the environment.† (Chihuly) â€Å"Each project whether it’s an exhibition or private commission begins with a vision, which I interpret into drawings and then work with my team to execute.† (Chihuly) The process is long, especially if the finished product is composed of many small parts, or intended for a large outdoor installation. After Chihuly completes a drawing, each piece must be blown individually. This is when Chihuly often compares himself to a conductor or film director. â€Å"That’s what a coach does; he gets a group of people moving in the same direction with a common goal, but the vision is his.† (Chihuly) â€Å"I like working with a team because one, you can do so much more in the way of being influenced. The more creative they are, the more creative I am.† (Chihuly) â€Å"I like to work fast and quick; glass-blowing is a spontaneous medium.† (Chihuly) Through drawings and paintings, Chihuly continues to help his team see what he sees. He responds to what he sees and feels to develop forms and make variations on these forms. He is often heard directing his team, â€Å"make it bigger, make it taller, make it fatter.† (Chihuly) His sources of inspiration are hard for him to define, â€Å"I have never been good at explaining where my inspiration comes from. It comes from everywhere, from everything, from all things at all times.† (Chihuly) When each piece is finished, they are then collected and assembled into one cohesive sculpture. His close knit team is crucial to his success and Chihuly acknowledges that. â€Å"I work with different people in different ways, and at the end of the day, I feel extremely lucky that I have an immense team.† (Chihuly) Nine years ago, the Museum of Fine Art in Boston, began its collaboration with Perkins School for the Blind, establishing a program where teenagers from the school visit the museum for â€Å"Feeling the Form† tours about every three weeks. Dale Chihuly volunteers his time and pieces for multiple demonstrations here as well as other select locations. Chihuly who himself is visually handicap describes his â€Å"Through the Looking Glass† blown glass sculpture and explains through his interpretation, how he and his massive team create each piece. Chihuly hands students pieces of the blown-glass sculptures, chandeliers, baskets and sea form objec ts, so they can understand the shape and feel their form. Wildly vibrant color is Chihuly’s signature, but when he hands one student a piece he described it as cobalt blue glass, she reminded him, â€Å"I don’t know what color is.† He found another way to describe the deep hue. Another student with low vision was fascinated by a literal boatload of brightly colored glass. â€Å"I love the boat with all the colors in one place, mixed together, so you almost can’t tell the shapes apart,† he said. â€Å"Touching the sculptures gave me an image in my mind of what it looks like,† one student explained. â€Å"It lets me paint a picture in my brain.† Chihuly goes on to describe the ridges some of the students feel on the glass pieces, â€Å"This one has been blown into an optical mold, so the optical mold makes ridges on the glass, it kind of makes the edge going around, undulating like scallops.† (Chihuly) There is a whole visual world that our students are not connected to, at least not in exactly the same way as people with sight,† says Perkins Secondary School art teacher Bruce Blakeslee. â€Å"Our fingers can show us details our eyes miss, and ‘Feeling the Form’ gives our students stories, content, and context that even sighted visitors might not get.† (Blakeslee) Students were eager to explore the Chihuly glass artworks through touch and explanation. â€Å"Art is like a room with many different doors. Our students may not enter it through the same door as others do, but we’re all in the same room.† (Blakeslee) In conclusion, not only is Dale Chihuly a master at the art of blown-glass sculpture, but he has become a master at conveying his vision to his team and continues to produce beautiful and colorful forms of art. Through the loss of sight in his left eye, Chihuly has gained a new perspective on form and color. He enriches the lives of visually disabled individuals through his own unique perspective.

Feminism and Masculinity Essay - 820 Words

In contemporary society, hegemonic masculinity is defined by physical strength and boldness, heterosexuality, economic independence, authority over women and other men, and an interest in sexual relationships. While most men do not embody all of these qualities, society supports hegemonic masculinity within all its institutions, including the educational institute, the religious institute and other institutes which form the ideological state apparatus. Standards of masculinity vary from time to time, from culture to culture. However, masculinity always defines itself as superior and different from femininity. For example, gay men and househusbands exemplify subordinate masculinities in our culture. They are not considered to be real†¦show more content†¦In recent years there have been many assertions that masculinity has been in crisis, supposedly as a result of the feminist movement. The concept of mail dominance being in the best interests of society is greatly challenged by many feminists. Since the 1970s (find out when feminism first came about) feminism has had a great deal of impact on society as feminist protested against dominant male unity. Many other critics however believe that it is women’s lives that have changed more so than men’s. As Judith Stacey states in her book, Theory and Society (1993), â€Å"journalists and academics share recognition of a problem, a problem that is named not femininit y in crisis but as a crisis in masculinity† (Stacey, 1993: 719). So although more changes are going on in women’s lives, men are more affected and the notion of masculinity is therefore resulting in a crisis. According to Anthony Clare the heart of the masculinity crisis lies within the understanding of â€Å"the private and public sphere, the intimate and the impersonal, the emotional and the irrational† (Clare, 2000:212). Both men and women are both confined to their spaces and the line between the two has somewhat been blurred, thus resulting in a crisis. The way in which this line is blurred is by masculinity becoming more feminized. There have been two major shifts in masculinity overShow MoreRelatedFeminism and Masculinity Essay836 Words   |  4 Pagescontemporary society, hegemonic masculinity is defined by physical strength and boldness, heterosexuality, economic independence, authority over women and other men, and an interest in sexual relationships. While most men do not embody all of these qualities, society supports hegemonic masculinity within all its institutions, including the educational institute, the religious institute and other institutes which form the ideol ogical state apparatus. 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